Ethics Guidelines
Part A - Guidelines for Projects Involving Work on Free-living Vertebrates
Section 7 - Selected Bibliography of
Papers on Techniques on Antarctic Animals
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia (JAVMA 218 (2001) 669-695)
Australian Antarctic Division (1990). Environmental Management of Australia's Antarctic Stations. Hobart.
Baker, J.R. and Gatesman, T.J. (1985). Use of carfentanil and ketamine-xylazine mixture to immobilise wild grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). Veterinary Record 116:208-210.
Baker, J.R., Anderson, S.S. and Fedak, M.A. (1988). The use of ketamine-diazepam mixture to immobilise wild grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Veterinary Record 123:287-289.
Baker, J.R., Fedak, M.A., Anderson, S.S., Arnborn, T. and Baker, R. (1990). Use of a tiletamine-zolazepam mixture to immobilise wild grey seals and southern elephant seals. Veterinary Record 126:75-77.
Bester, M.N. (1988). Chemical restraining of Antarctic fur seals and southern elephant seals. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 18:57-60.
Blix, A.S. and Oritsland, N.A. (1970). Current regulations for killing of seals evaluated by electrographic recordings of brain and heart activity. ACTA Veterinarian Scandinavia 11:335-337.
Briggs, G.D., Henrickson, R.V. and Le Boeuf, B.J. (1975). Ketamine immobilization of northern elephant seals. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 167:546-548.
Bryden, M.M. (1969). Growth of the southern elephant seal. Growth 33:69-82.
Bryden, M.M. (1971). Size and growth of viscera in the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina (L.). Australian Journal Zoology 19:103-120.
Canadian Council on Animal Care. Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals. 1105-151 Slater St, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5H3, Canada. 2 Vol. set.
Carrick, R., Csordas, S.E., Ingham, S.E. and Keith, K. (1962). Studies on the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina (L.). III. The annual cycle in relation to age and sex. CSIRO. Wildlife Research 7(2):119-160.
Clarke, J. and Kerry, K (1994). The effects of monitoring procedures on Adélie penguin colonies. CCAMLR Science 1:155-164.
Clarke, J. and Kerry, K (1998). Implanted transponders in penguins: implantation, reliability, and long term effects. J.Field Ornithology 69:149-159
Cline, D.R., Siniff, D.B. and Erickson, A.W. (1969). Immobilizing and collecting blood from Antarctic seals. Journal of Wildlife Management 33:138-144.
Condy, P.R. (1980). Postnatal development and growth in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) at Marion Island. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 10:118-122.
Culik, B., Adelung, D. and Woakes, A.J. (1990). The effect of disturbance on the heart rate and behaviour of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) during the breeding season. In: Kerry, K.R. and Hempel, G. (Eds). Antarctic Ecosystems: Ecological Change and Conservation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Flyger, V., Smith, M.S.R., Damm, R. and Peterson, R.S. (1965). Effects of three immobilizing drugs on Weddell seals. Journal of Mammalogy 46:345-347.
Gales, N.J. (1984). Ketamine HCl and diazepam anaesthesia of a leopard seal Hydrurga leptonyx for the biopsy of multiple fibromatous epulis. Australian Veterinary Journal 61:295-296.
Gales, N.J. (1989). Chemical restraint and anaesthesia of pinnipeds: a review. Marine Mammal Science 5(3):228-256.
Gales, N.J. and Burton, H.R. (1987). Prolonged and multiple immobilizations of the southern elephant seal using ketamine hydrochloride-xylazine hydrochloride or ketamine hydrochloride-diazepam combinations. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 23(4): 614-618.
Gales, N.J. and Burton, H.R. (1988). Use of emetics and anaesthesia for dietary assessment of Weddell seals. Australian Wildlife Research 15:423-433.
Gales, R.P. (1987). Validation of the stomach flushing technique for obtaining stomach contents of penguins. Ibis 129:335-343.
Gentry, R.L. and Holt, J.R. (1982). Equipment and technique for handling northern fur seals. NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF No. 758.
Geraci, J.R., Skirnisson, K. and St. Aubin, D.J. (1981). A safe method for repeatedly immobilizing seals. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 179:1192-1193.
Griffiths, D., Seamark, R.F. and Bryden, M.M. (1979). Summer and winter cycles in plasma melatonin levels in the elephant seal (Mirounga leonina). Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 32(6):581-586.
Hindell, M.A, Lea, M.A and Hull, C.L. (1996). The effects of flipper bands on adult survival rate and reproduction in the Royal Penguin, (Eudyptes schlegli). Ibis 138: 557-560
Hofman, R.J. (1975). Distribution patterns and population structure of Antarctic seals. University of Minnesota, PhD Thesis. Order No. 76-14:1-154.
Hull, C.L. and Wilson, J. (1996). The effect of investigators on the breeding success of royal, (Eudyptes schlegli) and rockhopper penguins, E.chrysocome, at Macquarie Island. Polar Biol. 16:335-337.
Ichihara, T. and Nishiwaki, M. (1966). External weight and measurement of a southern elephant seal. Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute Tokyo 20:211-212.
Kinkel, L.K. (1989). Lasting effects of wing tags on ring-billed gulls. Auk 106: 619-624.
Laws, R.M. (1956). The southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina Linn.). II. General, social and reproductive behaviour. Falkland Islands Dependencies Surveys Scientific Reports. 88 pp.
Laws, R.M. (1960). The southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina Linn.) at South Georgia. Norsk Hvalfangsttid 49:466-467.
Ling, J.K. and Bryden, M.M. (1981). Southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina Linnaeus, 1758. In: Harrison, R.J. and Ridgeway, S.J. (Eds). Handbook of Marine Mammals. New York, Academic Press. Pp. 297-327
Ling, J.K. and Nicholls, D.G. (1963). Immobilization of elephant seals using succinylcholine chloride. Nature 200:1021-1022.
Ling, J.K., Nicholls, D.G. and Thomas, C.D.B. (1967). Immobilisation of southern elephant seals with succinylcholine chloride. Journal of Wildlife Management 31:468-479.
Lishman, G.S. (1985). The comparative breeding biology of Adélie and chinstrap penguins Pygoscelis adeliae and P. antarctica at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands. Ibis 127:84-99.
Methods and Welfare Consideration in Behavioural Research with Animals National Institute of Health Publication No. 02-5083, March, 2002. 6001 Executive Boulevard, Rm. 8184, MSC 9663, Bethesda, MD 20892-9663 U.S.A.
Morgan, I.R., Caple, I.W., Westbury, H. A. and Campbell, J. (1978). Disease investigations of penguins and elephant seals on Macquarie Island. Government of Victoria Research Project Series Number 47. April 1978: pp. 1-51.
NHMRC/CSIRO/AAC, Australian Code of Practice for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes,1997.
Parry, K., Anderson, S.S. and Fedak, M.A. (1981). Chemical immobilization of wild grey seals. The Journal of Wildlife Management 45: pp. 986.
Perry, M.C. (1981). Abnormal behaviour of canvasbacks equipped with radio transmitters. Journal of Wildlife Management 45:786-789.
Peterson, R.S. (1965). Drugs for handling fur seals. Journal of Wildlife Management 45:986-990.
Ross, G.J.B. and Saayman, G.S. (1970). A young bull elephant seal immobilized. African Wild Life 24:331-336.
Ryan, P.G. and Jackson, S. (1986). Stomach pumping: is killing seabirds necessary. Auk. 103(2):427-428.
Shaughnessy, P.D. (1991). Immobilisation of crabeater seals, Lobodon carcinophagus, with ketamine and diazepam. Wildlife Research 18:165-168.
Stirling, I. (1966). A technique for handling live seals. Journal of Mammalogy 47:543-544.
Trillmich, F. (1983). Ketamine xylazine combination for the immobilization of Galapagos sea lions and fur seals. Veterinary Record 112:280-297.
Trivelpiece, W.Z., Bengston, J.L., Trivelpiece, S.G. and Volkman, N.J. (1986). Foraging behaviour of gentoo and chinstrap penguins as determined by new radiotelemetry techniques. Auk 103:777-781.
Vergani, D.F. (1985). Comparative study of populations in Antarctica and Patagonia of the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, and its methodology. Publication Number 15. Direccion Nacional Del Antartico, Instituto Antartico Argentino.
Vergani, D.F. and Spirani, H.J. (1980). Elefante I. Estudio del crecimento durante la lactancia en el elefante marino del sur, Mirounga leonina, Linne. Contribucion del I.A.A. 5:83-118.
Wanless, S., Harris, M.P. and Morris, J.A. (1988). The effect of radio transmitters on the behaviour of common murres and razorbills during chick rearing. Condor 90: 816-823.
Wilson, R.P. (1984). An improved stomach pump for penguins and other seabirds. Journal of Field Ornithologists 55:109-112.
Wilson, R.P., Grant, W.S. and Duffy, D.C. (1986). Recording devices on free-ranging marine animals: does measurement affect performance? Ecology 67: 1091-1093.
Wilson, R.P. and Wilson, M.P. (1989). A peck activity record for birds fitted with devices. Journal of Field Ornithology 60:104-108.
Wilson, R.P. and Wilson, M.P. (1989). Tape: a package attachment technique for penguins. Wildlife Society Bulletin 17:77-79.
Wilson, R.P., Coria, N.R., Spairani, H.J., Adelung, D. and Culik, B. (1989). Human-induced behaviour in Adélie penguins. Polar Biology 9: 77-80.
Wilson, R.P., Spairani, H.J., Coria, N.R., Culik, B.M. and Adelung, D. (1990). Packages for attachment to seabirds: What color do Adélie penguins dislike least? Journal of Wildlife Management 54(3):447-451.
Wilson, R.P., Culik, P., Danfeld, R. and Adelung, D. (1991). People in Antarctica - how much do Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae care? Polar Biology 11:363-370.
Woods, R., Hindell, M. and Slip, D.J. (1989). Effects of physiological state on duration of sedation in southern elephant seals. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 25(4):586-590.
Woods, R., (1994). Chemical restraint of southern elephant seals. PhD thesis. University of Tasmania. 225 pp.
N.B.--This thesis is available for inspection in the libraries of the Australian Antarctic Division and the University of Tasmania and in the University's School of Pharmacy.
Woods, R., McLean, S., Nicol, S., and Burton, H. (1994). A Comparison of some cyclohexamine based drug combinations for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Marine Mammal Science 10(4):412-429.
Woods, R., McLean, S., Nicol, S., and Burton, H. (1994). Use of midazolam, pethidine, ketamine and thiopentone for the restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). The Veterinary Record 135:572-577.
Woods, R., McLean, S., Nicol, S., and Burton, H. (1995). Antagonsim of some cyclohexamine-based drug combinations used for chemical restraint of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina). Australian Veterinary Journal 72:165-171.
Young, E.C. (1990). Long-term stability and human impact in Antarctic skuas and Adélie penguins. In: Kerry, K.R. and Hempel, G. (Eds). Antarctic Ecosystems: Ecological Change and Conservation. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
(ASP&C)
May 2002
Continue to Part B - Guidelines for projects involving ionising radiation
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